Less power, more grace: final words on creeds

A pilgrim in Castile and Leรณn, en route to Santiago de Compostela. In J. R. R. Tolkienโ€™s The Two Towers, the hobbits Frodo and Sam attempt to cross a treacherous swamp called the Dead Marshes. Their guide is Gollum, who murderously craves the Ring of Power that Frodo carries. Apparently reformed, Gollum has promised to lead the …

Four more purposes of creeds

Delegates celebrating unity at the 11th Assembly of the World Council of Churches, Karlsruhe, Germany, September 2022. In my last post, I outlined three core purposes of creeds. Here, I outline four more purposes of creeds that guarantee their enduring relevance for the church. First,ย creeds serve an apologetic purpose. While Judaism has theย Shema,ย Muslims have theย Shahadahย andย Tashahhud,ย and some …

The structure of Luke’s Gospel

Ancient Jerusalem as painted by James Tissot, ca. 1890. The writers of the four canonical Gospels arranged their texts with purpose in mind. It has been said that, for Luke, โ€œtheology does not so much order narrative as arise from it.โ€[1] If this is true, the structure of Lukeโ€™s story of the life of Jesus is …

Did Luke write Hebrews?

The New Testament letter to the Hebrews bears no authorโ€™s name. The arguments and themes of the document suggest that the author was a gifted theologian of the stature of contemporaries such as the apostles Paul and John. The first generation of readers, some of whom may have personally known the author, did not add …